Performing post plaiting and braiding procedures is a critical phase in delivering quality cosmetology services. Properly concluding the service ensures client satisfaction, preserves the integrity of the hairstyle, and maintains hygiene standards that protect both the client and the professional. In Kenya, where cosmetology services are offered across diverse settings such as salons in Nairobi, county government health centers, and hospitality establishments in Mombasa, adherence to post-service protocols is essential for sustaining reputation and compliance with regulatory bodies. This chapter focuses on the essential post-plaiting and braiding procedure of cleaning and disinfecting tools and equipment to uphold health standards in cosmetology.

3.1 Cleaning, disinfecting plaiting and braiding tools and equipment

Cleaning and disinfecting plaiting and braiding tools and equipment means removing hair, oil, product and dirt from them after each client and then killing the micro-organisms left on them. Combs, crochet needles and blow dryer attachments touch the hair and scalp of every client, so unclean tools can spread scalp infections such as ringworm from one client to the next. Cleaning always comes first, because hair and product residue shield micro-organisms from the disinfectant. Example: after a cornrow style, a braider pulls the hair from her rat-tail comb, washes and disinfects it, wipes down the blow dryer and cleans the crochet needle before the next client sits down.

Combs

Combs are used to detangle, section and part the hair, so they collect hair, oil, scalp flakes and braiding products between their teeth. Rat-tail combs and wide-tooth combs used in braiding are mostly plastic, so they are disinfected with products that do not damage plastic, and combs with broken teeth are thrown away. Example: after sectioning a client's hair for box braids, the braider removes the hair caught in the rat-tail comb, washes it and places it in the disinfectant jar.

1. Remove hair: pull out all loose hair from between the teeth by hand or with a small brush.
2. Wash: soak the comb in warm water with detergent to loosen oil and product.
3. Scrub: scrub between the teeth and along the tail with a small brush.
4. Rinse: rinse under running water to remove all detergent.
5. Disinfect: immerse the comb fully in a suitable disinfectant for the contact time on the label.
6. Rinse if required: rinse off the disinfectant with clean water if the label says so.
7. Dry and store: dry on a clean towel and store in a clean, closed container.

Blow dryers

A blow dryer is an electrical appliance, so it is never soaked or rinsed in water. Its body, handle and nozzle are wiped clean and disinfected, and the air filter at the back is cleared of hair and dust so the motor does not overheat. Example: at the end of the day, a braiding salon unplugs its blow dryers, clears the hair from the back filters and wipes the handles and nozzles with disinfectant wipes.

1. Switch off and unplug: always unplug the dryer before cleaning it.
2. Let it cool: allow the dryer to cool completely.
3. Clean the filter: remove the filter cover and clear hair and dust from the filter with a small brush.
4. Clean the nozzle: remove the nozzle or comb attachment, wash it in warm soapy water, rinse and dry.
5. Disinfect the outside: wipe the handle, body and attachments with a disinfectant wipe, keeping liquid away from vents and switches.
6. Check the cable: inspect the cable and plug for cracks, burns or loose parts.
7. Store safely: store the cooled dryer with the cable loosely coiled, not wrapped tightly round the handle.

Crotchets

Crochet needles are hooked needles used to pull braiding hair or extensions through cornrows in crochet styles. Their small hooks and latches trap hair and product, and metal needles can rust if left wet, so they are cleaned, disinfected and dried thoroughly. Example: after fitting crochet braids, the braider pulls the hair fibres out of the needle's hook, cleans and disinfects the needle, then dries it so it does not rust.

1. Remove fibres: pull hair and fibres out of the hook and latch.
2. Wash: wash the needle in warm soapy water, opening and closing the latch to clean it.
3. Rinse: rinse under running water.
4. Disinfect: immerse the needle in a disinfectant suitable for metal or plastic, for the contact time on the label.
5. Dry completely: dry with a clean cloth and let it air-dry so metal needles do not rust.
6. Check the latch: make sure the latch opens and closes smoothly, and replace bent or rusty needles.
7. Store: keep the needle in a clean, closed container.

Cleaning and disinfecting materials

Common disinfecting agents

• Chlorine-based solutions: Diluted sodium hypochlorite kills bacteria, viruses and fungi but corrodes metal, so it is used on plastic items.
• Alcohol solutions: 70% isopropyl or ethyl alcohol works quickly on clean surfaces but evaporates fast and does not work well on dirty tools.
• Quaternary ammonium compounds: Widely used salon disinfectants that suit both plastic and metal tools.
• Phenolic disinfectants: Effective, but must be handled with gloves as they can irritate the skin.
• Hydrogen peroxide: A milder disinfectant that acts more slowly.

Importance of cleaning and disinfecting

• Removing debris: Cleaning removes hair, oil and product that would otherwise build up and harbour micro-organisms.
• Preventing cross-infection: Disinfected tools stop fungi and bacteria passing between clients.
• Protecting tools: Clean, dry tools last longer and do not rust or clog.
• Professional image: Clean tools show clients that hygiene is taken seriously.
• Client confidence: Clients return to salons where they can see tools are cleaned between clients.

Chapter Summary

This chapter focused on the essential procedures for post plaiting and braiding care, beginning with the cleaning and disinfecting of tools and equipment to maintain hygiene and prevent cross-contamination. It emphasized the importance of thoroughly sanitizing combs, scissors, and other implements used during the service. The chapter then addressed the cleaning of the work station, highlighting the correct use of waste bins to ensure a tidy and safe environment. Various waste disposal methods were explored, including burning, composting, and recycling, each with its appropriate context and environmental considerations. Finally, the chapter covered the proper storage of plaiting and braiding supplies, particularly recyclable materials, to maintain their quality and readiness for future use. These procedures collectively contribute to a professional and hygienic service environment.